招聘講演（2）

Education and Training with Human Patient Simulators (HPS)

– Current Status and Development in the Mainz Simulation Center, Germany

Mainz Simulation Center, Germany

Stefan Mönk

Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Orthopedic University Hospital, Friedrichsheim Foundation, Frankfurt, Germany

The example of AQAI, the Mainz simulation center, is used to demonstrate mechanisms, which helped the development of simulation in Germany. AQAI is a self-supporting, multidisciplinary simulation center, spun off the Mainz University. HPS (METI, USA) represent a family of model-driven patient simulators with a common software platform.

AQAI teaches hospitals, private practice and military teams, and others. Topics include acute care and longer-term management. Cardiology, gastroenterology, emergency care, anesthesia, intensive care are important target specialties, physicians, nurses, allied health personnel, and educators are audiences.

In 2005 the German Society for Anesthesia donated simulators to each medical school if it guaranteed its use in undergraduate education. This started routine access to simulation. All undergraduate medical students now undergo Simulated Clinical Experiences. Subsequently, simulation education developed from “toy” to asset. Study results and face validity increased acceptance, also in postgraduate education. Today learners are funded by their employers to take classes to improve individual and team performances.

This beginning process will lead to a very different medical education. Simulators and simulation sessions are only one element in it. Content, developed by subject matter exerts and excellent educators, further development of curricula, the adaptation of learning methods have just begun. Video systems will develop into assessment and learning support systems, integrating with simulators into educational platforms. They will help to face the challenges of tomorrow: Maintain and increase patient safety with limited personnel, time, and funding by creating better medical staff who form better medical teams.